Model of Knowledge by Fitzgerald Systems

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====== Adapting SysML to Domains ======

===== Rationale =====

To aid in the efficiency in creating models the modeler may adapt SysML to their particular domain. This can be done using several possibilities allowed in SysML:

  * Use of Profiles and Stereotype to extend the language (which is represented as meta-classes).
  * Use of Model Libraries to have a library of standard elements that the modeler can draw from.

===== Methodology =====

==== Process - Profiles ====

An established process((C.Paredis and T. Johnson, "Using OMG's SysML to support simulation" Proceeding of the 2008 Winter Simulation Conference (2008))) to create profiles is laid out below:
  - Create a metal-model for the specific domain that is being integrated. This could be done with the use of an [[bok:eng:mbse:ontology|ontology]].
  - Create a SysML profile that will map the meta model to SysML stereotypes
  - Create a transformation map between the meta model and SysML profile's entities
  - For each transformation include the corresponding API call to the domain specific tool

For an examination of applying SysML to other languages such as Modelica see [[bok:eng:mbse:sysml:integrate-sysml-other-languages|Integrating SysML with other languages]].

If language modeler wants to make the use of a particular profile mandatory then the relationship between the model and the profile shall be **required**.

==== Process - Model Library ====

Model Libraries are useful if the modeler wants to takes parts 'off-the-shelf' rather than re-create them. Should only be used for parts that will be re-used.

To merge a maintained XMI file (e.g. a standard item type model library) do the following:
  - Select the package that you want the model library to be a child of (e.g. if intended model hierarchy is 'Overview/Standard Item Type', and your XMI package top directly is 'Standard Item Type' then select 'Overview' package in your target model
  - Publish -> Model Exchange -> Import XMI -> Import Package from XML...
  - Select your source XMI -> Import
===== Parts =====

==== Metamodel ====

  * Metamodel is a model of a modelling language
  * It consists of concrete syntax, abstract syntax and semantics.
  * **Concrete syntax**: Facilitates the presentation and construction of models
  * **Abstract syntax**: Vocabulary of concepts provided by the language and how they may be combined to create models. Shown in //italics//. Abstract syntax deals solely with the form and structure of concepts in a language without any consideration given to their presentation or meaning ((Clark, Sammut & Williams, "Applied Metamodeling", Middlesex University London (2008) 2nd edition))
  * **Semantics**: Forms relationships between syntax to give them meaning.
==== Profiles ====

  * Profiles are a specialization of Packages.
  * Profiles may contain sub-packages and/or sub-packages.
    * Advantages of sub-profiles is that the sub-profiles may be applied independently to other sub-profiles
    * If parent profile is applied then by default all stereotypes within sub-packages are applied
  * Leaf nodes of a profile is its stereotypes
  * Serves one of two purposes:
    * Profile defines a set of concepts that support a new domain
    * Profile defines a set of concepts that add value to a model in a domain that is already supported.

==== Stereotypes ====

<WRAP center round info 60%>
Images in this section are copied from T. Weilkiens, "Systems Engineering with SysML/UML" MK Press (2006).
</WRAP>

  * Stereotypes are collected in Profiles (which is a specialization of Package).
  * Stereotype **extends** metaclass (a construct of SysML, e.g. "Block"). This extension relationship is a specialization of the association relationship.

{{:bok:eng:mbse:sysml:adapt:extend.png?300| }}

//Example of extending a metaclass with a Stereotype. Note the black arrow//
  * Stereotypes can also specialize other stereotypes
{{:bok:eng:mbse:sysml:adapt:generalization.png?400 |}}


=== Properties of Stereotypes ===

  * Properties of stereotypes are different to properties of blocks. E.g. a block "Vehicle" may have a property called inspector which records which inspector did the inspector for an instance of Vehicle. However a stereotype "Vehicle" which extends the metaclass "Block" may also have a property called inspector. In this case the property is intended to capture which inspector checked the specification of Vehicle and nothing to do with any particular Vehicle instance.
Model of Knowledge by Fitzgerald Systems

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